| Study Questions
Number 18 Chapter 9. Thinking and intelligence (310-329) |
Student
Name _____________________ Date due: 10-18-04 Introduction to Psychology 101 Hal S. Bertilson, Ph.D. |
| 1. | What is a prototype? Give an example. (312) |
| 2. | What is a cognitive schema? Give an example of a gender schema. (313) |
| 3. | What are subconscious processes? What is the purpose of subconscious processes? (314) |
| 4. | What is an algorithm? Give an example of an algorithm. (316) |
| 5. | What is a heuristic? Give an example of a heuristic. (318) |
| 6. | King and Kitchener identified seven cognitive stages on the road to reflective thought. At each stage, people make different assumptions about how things are known and use different ways of justifying or defending their beliefs. Wade and Tavris described in broad outline three cognitive stages. Name and describe each stage. What stage do you believe you are in? (319-321) |
| 7. | What is the availability heuristic? Give an example. (322) |
| 8. | What is the hindsight bias? Give an example. (325) |
| 9. | What is the confirmation bias? Give an example. (325-326) |
| 10. | Explain what cognitive dissonance is. What condition leads to attitude change? |
| 11. | Under what three conditions, are you are particularly likely to try to reduce dissonance? Give an example of each. |